Implement robust error handling patterns that ensure both proper resource cleanup and error context preservation.

Resource cleanup: Always clean up resources such as timeouts, connections, and file handles using finally blocks or promise .finally() handlers to prevent memory leaks:

const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
  processLookupController.abort(`Operation timed out after ${timeoutMs}ms`);
}, timeoutMs);

try {
  // Main operation code
  return await someAsyncOperation();
} catch (error) {
  // Error handling
} finally {
  // Cleanup runs regardless of success or failure
  clearTimeout(timeoutId);
}

Error context preservation: When catching and rethrowing errors, preserve the original error context using the cause property instead of modifying error messages directly:

try {
  await instrumentationModule.register();
} catch (err) {
  // Preserve the original error while adding context
  throw new Error("An error occurred while loading instrumentation hook", { cause: err });
}

This approach maintains the original stack trace and error details while allowing you to add meaningful context for debugging.

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