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Always explicitly declare optional types in interfaces and function parameters rather than relying on runtime checks or using any. This improves type safety, makes null/undefined handling requirements clear, and prevents runtime errors.

Example:

// ❌ Poor - Implicit optionality, uses any
interface Props {
  data: any;
  config: any;
}

// ✅ Good - Explicit optional types
interface Props {
  data: DataType;
  config?: ConfigType;  // Explicitly optional
  extraction?: Extraction; // Clearly shows optionality
}

Benefits:

• Makes null/undefined handling requirements clear at compile time
• Prevents runtime errors from unexpected undefined values
• Improves code maintainability by documenting expectations
• Forces conscious decisions about null handling
• Enables better IDE support and type checking

When implementing components or functions with optional parameters, ensure the types accurately reflect which values could be undefined. This creates a contract that makes null handling requirements obvious to consumers.