When optimizing performance, remove repeated work in hot paths: avoid per-call overhead, extra passes over the same data, and unnecessary allocations; validate choices with benchmarks.
Apply these rules:
require at module scope (not inside functions).map+filter+reduce), especially when you can early-return or accumulate in one traversal.Examples:
// 1) Import once (module scope)
const crypto = require('crypto');
const hashNode = value => crypto.createHash('sha256').update(String(value)).digest('hex');
// 2) Avoid extra passes (single traversal + early result)
const dig = (obj, target) =>
target in obj
? obj[target]
: Object.values(obj).reduce((acc, v) => (acc !== undefined ? acc : typeof v === 'object' ? dig(v, target) : undefined), undefined);
// 3) Don’t allocate per log in hot code paths
// Prefer separate functions/constants per option instead of rebuilding large strings/objects every call.