Use modern collection creation methods instead of legacy alternatives for improved readability and conciseness. Replace older patterns with their modern equivalents: - Use `List.of()` instead of `Arrays.asList()` or `Collections.singletonList()` - Use `Set.of()` instead of `new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(...))` - Use `.toList()` instead of `.collect(Collectors.toList())` - Use `Collections.emptyList()` → `List.of()` when creating empty immutable lists Example transformations: ```java // Before List items = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c"); Set permissions = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList("READ", "WRITE")); List results = stream.collect(Collectors.toList()); // After List items = List.of("a", "b", "c"); Set permissions = Set.of("READ", "WRITE"); List results = stream.toList(); ``` Modern collection APIs are more concise, expressive, and create immutable collections by default, which helps prevent accidental modifications and improves code safety. They also eliminate the need for intermediate collection creation steps, making the code more direct and readable.