Configuration values should be externalized from code and read from standard locations like package.json or environment variables. Implement environment-aware validation that fails fast in production when required configuration is missing, while providing sensible defaults for development environments. For environment variables, validate required values at application startup: ```javascript if (!process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_ASTRO_URL) { // If we're building for production throw error as each env must set this value. if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') { throw new Error( `The NEXT_PUBLIC_ASTRO_URL environment variable is not set. Please set it to the URL of the Astro site.` ); } // For dev, default to the canary docs. else { process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_ASTRO_URL = 'https://master--nx-docs.netlify.app'; } } ``` For scripts, read configuration from package.json or config files rather than hardcoding values. This ensures configuration is centralized, version-controlled, and easily maintainable across different environments and deployment scenarios.